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Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Interleukin 20 (IL-20) is structurally related to interleukin 10 (IL-10) and is produced by keratinocytes and monocytes. IL-20 acts through the STAT3 signaling pathway to regulate the proliferation of keratinocytes during epidermal inflammation.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Interleukin 22 (IL-22), also called IL-TIF, is an IL-10 family member that is produced by activated dendritic cells and T lymphocytes. IL-22 signals via a heteroduplex receptor consisting of IL-22R and IL-10RB chains. IL-22 is a potent mediator of cellular inflammatory responses.  

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Interleukin-19 (IL-19) is a member of the interleukin 10 (IL-10) cytokine family and is produced by B cells and monocytes. IL-19 binds the interleukin 20 receptor complex (IL-20R) to activate STAT3 signaling. IL-19 induces interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) expression in monocytes, and promotes T helper 2 (Th2) cell-mediated immune responses. IL-19 production is up-regulated in resting monocytes following granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is an inflammatory cytokine secreted by macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, T cells, and NK-cells following stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a growth factor that is produced by the liver. IGF-1 production is stimulated by growth hormone (GH). IGF-I binds the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and the insulin receptor to stimulate systemic body growth. IGF-I is one of the most potent activators of the AKT signaling pathway, which stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits programmed cell death.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Growth hormone is an important mitogenic growth factor that is synthesised, stored, and secreted by somatotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. They stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration.

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Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Interleukin 11 (IL-11) is a member of the gp130 family of cytokines. IL-11 functions to promote hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and megakaryocyte differentiation. In non-hematopoietic cell populations, IL-11 stimulates acute-phase proteins, modulates the development of immunoglobulin-producing B cells, and regulates bone turnover. IL-11 binds the IL-11Rα receptor to activate JAK downstream signaling.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is hematopoietic growth factor produced by endothelial cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, and T cells. GM-CSF stimulates the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells. GM-CSF promotes immune system development and regulates neutrophil function during infection. Human and mouse GM-CSF show no cross-reactivity.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Neuregulin 1-beta (NRG1-β) is one of many alternatively-spliced isoforms of the NRG1 gene and contains a soluble EGF-like domain. The EGF-like domain of NRG1-β signals through the ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinases. NRG1-β is an important growth factor involved in neuroinflammation, nerve regeneration, and cardiovascular processes.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Activin A is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family of proteins and functions to stimulate follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. Activins are produced in many tissue types including the skin, gonads, lungs, and pituitary gland. Activins interact with receptor type I and type II serine/threonine protein kinases, to activate SMAD signaling and regulate diverse cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, wound healing, apoptosis, and metabolism. Activin A is a homodimer comprised of two activin βA chains. Cleavage of the N-terminal propeptide renders the Activin protein biologically active. Human Activin A shares 100% amino acid sequence identity with mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, and feline Activin A proteins.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Exodus-2, also known as CCL21 and 6Ckine, is a chemokine that is strongly produced in the human lymph nodes and spleen. Exodus-2 signals through the chemokine receptor CCR7 to regulate thymocyte and activated T cell migration. Exodus-2 also mediates the homing of lymphocytes to the lymphatic system.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Growth hormone (GH) is an important mitogenic growth factor that is synthesized, stored, and secreted by somatotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. GH stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration. In children, GH deficiencies can cause short stature, growth failure, and delayed sexual maturity. Adult GH deficiency presents with reduced lean body mass, increased adiposity, reduced muscle strength, and ultimately premature mortality. GH replacement therapy is used to treat many growth disorders, including Turner syndrome, chronic renal failure, and Prader–Willi syndrome.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B Ligand (RANK Ligand) is a cell-bound marker related to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of proteins. RANK Ligand plays a critical role in bone metabolism and osteoclast differentiation. T cell expression of RANK Ligand promotes dendritic cell maturation.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Interleukin 3 (IL-3) is a cytokine that is produced by activated T cells and mast cells. IL-3 induces the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into myeloid precursor cells, such as erythrocyte, megakaryocyte, granulocyte, monocyte, and dendritic cells. IL-3 also functions in the nervous system and is important during the B-1 cell regulation of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Interleukin 13 (IL-13) is a cytokine secreted from type 2 T helper (Th2) cells. IL-13 has overlapping functions with interleukin 4 (IL-4), including the induction of immunoglobulin E (IgE) secretion from B cells, and the inhibition of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) inflammatory cytokine expression. IL-13 also regulates immune cell inflammation in response to the pathophysiological changes of surrounding non-immune cells. The IL-13 receptor consists of the IL-4Ra and IL-13Ra1 subunits. IL-13 can also bind the IL-13Ra2 receptor with high affinity. IL-13 functions are mediated through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Human and mouse IL-13 are cross-reactive.

Leverantör: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Beskrivning: Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a growth factor that is produced by liver and kidney tissues. TPO binds the TPO receptor (CD110) to promote megakaryocyte maturation, differentiation, and the production of platelets.